建筑物防雷设计通常采用“滚球法”计算避雷针的保护范围。通过分析不同情况，得出滚球与地面相切或不相切的基本情况，并推导出相应的计算方法。在实际防雷工程中，应根据具体情况选择适当的计算公式，确保获得更科学的避雷针保护范围。引入滚球法提高了防雷设计质量和水平，增强了工程抵御雷电侵害的能力，带来了良好的经济和社会效益，相较以往的计算方法更为清晰、科学、合理且易于使用。以20 m避雷针保护范围计算为例，得出不同高度避雷针与保护范围的相对关系。

The lightning protection design of buildings usually uses the "rolling ball method" to calculate the protection range of lightning rods. By analyzing different situations, the basic situation of whether the rolling ball is tangent or not to the ground is obtained, and the corresponding calculation method is derived. In actual lightning protection engineering, appropriate calculation formulas should be selected according to specific situations to ensure a more scientific lightning rod protection range. The introduction of rolling ball method has improved the quality and level of lightning protection design, enhanced the ability of engineering to resist lightning damage, and brought good economic and social benefits. Compared with previous calculation methods, it is clearer, more scientific, reasonable, and easy to use. This paper takes the calculation of the protection range of a 20 meter lightning rod as an example to obtain the relative relationship between lightning rods of different heights and the protection range.